Adding Objects¶

In [2]:

import bpy
from IPython.display import display, Image

def fresh_scene(keep_cube=False):
    # Deselect all objects
    bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='DESELECT')
    
    # Select all objects except cameras and optionally the default cube
    for obj in bpy.context.scene.objects:
        if obj.type == 'CAMERA':
            obj.select_set(False)
        elif obj.name == 'Cube' and keep_cube:
            obj.select_set(False)
        else:
            obj.select_set(True)
    
    bpy.ops.object.delete()
    
    # Add light
    bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN')
    sun = bpy.context.object

    sun.location = (0, 0, 0)
    from math import radians
    sun.rotation_euler = (radians(204), radians(-133), radians(-67))
    sun.data.energy = 5  


def render_result():
    bpy.ops.render.render()
    bpy.data.images['Render Result'].save_render(filepath="img.png")
    display(Image(filename="img.png"))

bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 500
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 200

import bpy from IPython.display import display, Image def fresh_scene(keep_cube=False): # Deselect all objects bpy.ops.object.select_all(action='DESELECT') # Select all objects except cameras and optionally the default cube for obj in bpy.context.scene.objects: if obj.type == 'CAMERA': obj.select_set(False) elif obj.name == 'Cube' and keep_cube: obj.select_set(False) else: obj.select_set(True) bpy.ops.object.delete() # Add light bpy.ops.object.light_add(type='SUN') sun = bpy.context.object sun.location = (0, 0, 0) from math import radians sun.rotation_euler = (radians(204), radians(-133), radians(-67)) sun.data.energy = 5 def render_result(): bpy.ops.render.render() bpy.data.images['Render Result'].save_render(filepath="img.png") display(Image(filename="img.png")) bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 500 bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 200

In [2]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_monkey_add(size=2.5, location=(0, 0, 0))
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_monkey_add(size=2.5, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [3]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.object.gpencil_add(location=(0, 0, 0), type='STROKE')
gpencil_object = bpy.context.active_object
gpencil_object.scale = (3, 3, 3)

render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.object.gpencil_add(location=(0, 0, 0), type='STROKE') gpencil_object = bpy.context.active_object gpencil_object.scale = (3, 3, 3) render_result()

In [4]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_uv_sphere_add(radius=1.5, location=(0, 0, 0)) 
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_uv_sphere_add(radius=1.5, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [5]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cone_add(radius1=1, depth=2, location=(0, 0, 0))  
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cone_add(radius1=1, depth=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [6]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cylinder_add(radius=1, depth=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) 
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cylinder_add(radius=1, depth=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [7]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_torus_add(major_radius=2, minor_radius=0.3, location=(0,0, 0))
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_torus_add(major_radius=2, minor_radius=0.3, location=(0,0, 0)) render_result()

In [8]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_ico_sphere_add(radius=1, location=(0, 0, 0)) 
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_ico_sphere_add(radius=1, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [9]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.object.text_add(location=(-4, 0, 0))
bpy.context.object.data.body = "Hello 😄"
bpy.context.object.scale = (2, 2, 2)
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.object.text_add(location=(-4, 0, 0)) bpy.context.object.data.body = "Hello 😄" bpy.context.object.scale = (2, 2, 2) render_result()

In [10]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_plane_add(size=3, location=(0, 0, 0))  
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_plane_add(size=3, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [11]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_circle_add(radius=2.5, location=(0, 0, 0), fill_type='NGON')
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_circle_add(radius=2.5, location=(0, 0, 0), fill_type='NGON') render_result()

In [12]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.object.empty_add(type='PLAIN_AXES', location=(4, 0, 0)) # (This is not shown in the image, but it is there :) )
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.object.empty_add(type='PLAIN_AXES', location=(4, 0, 0)) # (This is not shown in the image, but it is there :) ) render_result()

In [13]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) 
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) render_result()

In [14]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) 
light = bpy.data.objects.new("Light", bpy.data.lights.new("Light", 'POINT'))
light.location = (3, 0, 2)
light.data.energy = 8000
bpy.context.collection.objects.link(light)
render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) light = bpy.data.objects.new("Light", bpy.data.lights.new("Light", 'POINT')) light.location = (3, 0, 2) light.data.energy = 8000 bpy.context.collection.objects.link(light) render_result()

Applying Modifiers¶

In [15]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) 
cube = bpy.context.active_object
bevel_modifier = cube.modifiers.new(name="Bevel", type='BEVEL')
bevel_modifier.width = 0.3  # Adjust the bevel width
bevel_modifier.segments = 5  # Number of segments for a smoother bevel

# Optionally apply the modifier if needed (not necessary for visualization)
# bpy.ops.object.modifier_apply(modifier="Bevel")

render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) cube = bpy.context.active_object bevel_modifier = cube.modifiers.new(name="Bevel", type='BEVEL') bevel_modifier.width = 0.3 # Adjust the bevel width bevel_modifier.segments = 5 # Number of segments for a smoother bevel # Optionally apply the modifier if needed (not necessary for visualization) # bpy.ops.object.modifier_apply(modifier="Bevel") render_result()

In [16]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
cube = bpy.context.active_object

# Create the subdivision surface modifier and change it to 'SIMPLE'
subsurf_modifier = cube.modifiers.new(name="Subdivision", type='SUBSURF')
subsurf_modifier.subdivision_type = 'SIMPLE'  # Change to 'SIMPLE' instead of 'CATMULL_CLARK'
subsurf_modifier.levels = 4  # Viewport subdivision level
subsurf_modifier.render_levels = 4  # Render subdivision level

displace_modifier = cube.modifiers.new(name="Displace", type='DISPLACE')
displace_modifier.strength = 0.5  # Adjust the displacement strength

texture = bpy.data.textures.new("DisplaceTexture", type='CLOUDS')
texture.noise_scale = 1  # Reduce the noise scale to make it more detailed
displace_modifier.texture = texture  # Assign the texture to the modifier

render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) cube = bpy.context.active_object # Create the subdivision surface modifier and change it to 'SIMPLE' subsurf_modifier = cube.modifiers.new(name="Subdivision", type='SUBSURF') subsurf_modifier.subdivision_type = 'SIMPLE' # Change to 'SIMPLE' instead of 'CATMULL_CLARK' subsurf_modifier.levels = 4 # Viewport subdivision level subsurf_modifier.render_levels = 4 # Render subdivision level displace_modifier = cube.modifiers.new(name="Displace", type='DISPLACE') displace_modifier.strength = 0.5 # Adjust the displacement strength texture = bpy.data.textures.new("DisplaceTexture", type='CLOUDS') texture.noise_scale = 1 # Reduce the noise scale to make it more detailed displace_modifier.texture = texture # Assign the texture to the modifier render_result()

Settings¶

In [17]:

# current blender version
bpy.app.version_string

# current blender version bpy.app.version_string

Out[17]:

'4.2.3 LTS'

In [18]:

# current blender version
bpy.context.scene.render.engine

# current blender version bpy.context.scene.render.engine

Out[18]:

'BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT'

In [19]:

bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x, bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y

bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x, bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y

Out[19]:

(500, 200)

In [20]:

bpy.context.scene.name

bpy.context.scene.name

Out[20]:

'Scene'

In [21]:

bpy.context.active_object.name

bpy.context.active_object.name

Out[21]:

'Cube'

In [22]:

bpy.context.active_object.location

bpy.context.active_object.location

Out[22]:

Vector((0.0, 0.0, 0.0))

In [23]:

bpy.context.collection.objects.keys()

bpy.context.collection.objects.keys()

Out[23]:

['Camera', 'Sun', 'Cube']

In [24]:

bpy.context.collection.objects.values()

bpy.context.collection.objects.values()

Out[24]:

[bpy.data.objects['Camera'], bpy.data.objects['Sun'], bpy.data.objects['Cube']]

Using colors¶

In [25]:

fresh_scene()

# Add a cube
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
cube = bpy.context.active_object

# Create and assign a green material to the cube without using nodes
mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="GreenMaterial")
mat.diffuse_color = (0, 1, 0, 1)  # Green color (R, G, B, A)

# Apply material to the cube
cube.data.materials.clear()  # Clear any existing materials
cube.data.materials.append(mat)

render_result()

fresh_scene() # Add a cube bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) cube = bpy.context.active_object # Create and assign a green material to the cube without using nodes mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="GreenMaterial") mat.diffuse_color = (0, 1, 0, 1) # Green color (R, G, B, A) # Apply material to the cube cube.data.materials.clear() # Clear any existing materials cube.data.materials.append(mat) render_result()

In [26]:

fresh_scene()

# colors with nodes

bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
cube = bpy.context.active_object

# Create and assign a blue material to the cube
mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="BlueMaterial")
mat.use_nodes = True
bsdf = mat.node_tree.nodes.get('Principled BSDF')
bsdf.inputs['Base Color'].default_value = (0, 0, 1, 1)  # Blue color (R, G, B, A)

# Apply material to the cube
cube.data.materials.clear()  # Clear any existing materials
cube.data.materials.append(mat)
render_result()

fresh_scene() # colors with nodes bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) cube = bpy.context.active_object # Create and assign a blue material to the cube mat = bpy.data.materials.new(name="BlueMaterial") mat.use_nodes = True bsdf = mat.node_tree.nodes.get('Principled BSDF') bsdf.inputs['Base Color'].default_value = (0, 0, 1, 1) # Blue color (R, G, B, A) # Apply material to the cube cube.data.materials.clear() # Clear any existing materials cube.data.materials.append(mat) render_result()

In [27]:

fresh_scene()

bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_plane_add(size=6, location=(0, 0, 0))
plane = bpy.context.object

material = bpy.data.materials.new(name="ImageMaterial")
material.use_nodes = True
bsdf = material.node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"]

tex_image = material.node_tree.nodes.new('ShaderNodeTexImage')
tex_image.image = bpy.data.images.load("cute_dog.jpg")

material.node_tree.links.new(bsdf.inputs['Base Color'], tex_image.outputs['Color'])
plane.data.materials.append(material)

render_result()

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_plane_add(size=6, location=(0, 0, 0)) plane = bpy.context.object material = bpy.data.materials.new(name="ImageMaterial") material.use_nodes = True bsdf = material.node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"] tex_image = material.node_tree.nodes.new('ShaderNodeTexImage') tex_image.image = bpy.data.images.load("cute_dog.jpg") material.node_tree.links.new(bsdf.inputs['Base Color'], tex_image.outputs['Color']) plane.data.materials.append(material) render_result()

Setting Up Shaders¶

Here's an example to generate the following shader tree

It's quite a lot of code, so I would recommend to better set up nodes in the GUI.

In [28]:

fresh_scene()

# Working with shader nodes is possible, but get's quite involved quite quickly

# Add a cube
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
cube = bpy.context.active_object

# Create a new material for the cube
material = bpy.data.materials.new(name="YellowToOrangeGradient")
material.use_nodes = True
nodes = material.node_tree.nodes

# Clear default nodes
for node in nodes:
    nodes.remove(node)

# Add a Gradient Texture
gradient = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeTexGradient")
gradient.gradient_type = "LINEAR"
gradient.location = (0, 0)

# Add a Color Ramp to control the gradient colors
ramp = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeValToRGB")
ramp.color_ramp.interpolation = "LINEAR"
ramp.location = (300, 0)

ramp.color_ramp.elements[0].color = (1, 1, 0, 1)  # Yellow (R, G, B, A)
ramp.color_ramp.elements[1].color = (1, 0.3, 0, 1)  # Orange (R, G, B, A)

# Add the Principled BSDF shader
bsdf = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeBsdfPrincipled")
bsdf.location = (600, 0)

# Create the output node
output = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeOutputMaterial")
output.location = (900, 0)

# Link the nodes together
links = material.node_tree.links
links.new(gradient.outputs["Color"], ramp.inputs[0])
links.new(ramp.outputs["Color"], bsdf.inputs["Base Color"])
links.new(bsdf.outputs["BSDF"], output.inputs["Surface"])

# Apply the material to the cube
cube.data.materials.clear()  # Clear any existing materials
cube.data.materials.append(material)

render_result()

fresh_scene() # Working with shader nodes is possible, but get's quite involved quite quickly # Add a cube bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) cube = bpy.context.active_object # Create a new material for the cube material = bpy.data.materials.new(name="YellowToOrangeGradient") material.use_nodes = True nodes = material.node_tree.nodes # Clear default nodes for node in nodes: nodes.remove(node) # Add a Gradient Texture gradient = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeTexGradient") gradient.gradient_type = "LINEAR" gradient.location = (0, 0) # Add a Color Ramp to control the gradient colors ramp = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeValToRGB") ramp.color_ramp.interpolation = "LINEAR" ramp.location = (300, 0) ramp.color_ramp.elements[0].color = (1, 1, 0, 1) # Yellow (R, G, B, A) ramp.color_ramp.elements[1].color = (1, 0.3, 0, 1) # Orange (R, G, B, A) # Add the Principled BSDF shader bsdf = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeBsdfPrincipled") bsdf.location = (600, 0) # Create the output node output = nodes.new(type="ShaderNodeOutputMaterial") output.location = (900, 0) # Link the nodes together links = material.node_tree.links links.new(gradient.outputs["Color"], ramp.inputs[0]) links.new(ramp.outputs["Color"], bsdf.inputs["Base Color"]) links.new(bsdf.outputs["BSDF"], output.inputs["Surface"]) # Apply the material to the cube cube.data.materials.clear() # Clear any existing materials cube.data.materials.append(material) render_result()

Setting up Geometry Nodes¶

In [29]:

fresh_scene()

# Setting up geonodes is possible, but get's quite involved quite quickly

# Add a cube
bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0))
cube = bpy.context.active_object

# Setup geometry nodes
geo_nodes = cube.modifiers.new(name="GeometryNodes", type="NODES")
node_group = bpy.data.node_groups.new("GeometryNodes", "GeometryNodeTree")
geo_nodes.node_group = node_group

# Create input/output and transformation nodes
inNode = node_group.nodes.new("NodeGroupInput")
inNode.location = (0, 0)

transformNode = node_group.nodes.new("GeometryNodeTransform")
transformNode.location = (300, 0)
transformNode.inputs["Scale"].default_value = (3, 2, 1)

outNode = node_group.nodes.new("NodeGroupOutput")
outNode.location = (600, 0)

# Define geometry input/output sockets
node_group.interface.new_socket(name="Geometry", in_out="INPUT", socket_type="NodeSocketGeometry")
node_group.interface.new_socket(name="Geometry", in_out="OUTPUT", socket_type="NodeSocketGeometry")

# Link the nodes together
node_group.links.new(inNode.outputs["Geometry"], transformNode.inputs["Geometry"])
node_group.links.new(transformNode.outputs["Geometry"], outNode.inputs["Geometry"])

render_result()

fresh_scene() # Setting up geonodes is possible, but get's quite involved quite quickly # Add a cube bpy.ops.mesh.primitive_cube_add(size=2, location=(0, 0, 0)) cube = bpy.context.active_object # Setup geometry nodes geo_nodes = cube.modifiers.new(name="GeometryNodes", type="NODES") node_group = bpy.data.node_groups.new("GeometryNodes", "GeometryNodeTree") geo_nodes.node_group = node_group # Create input/output and transformation nodes inNode = node_group.nodes.new("NodeGroupInput") inNode.location = (0, 0) transformNode = node_group.nodes.new("GeometryNodeTransform") transformNode.location = (300, 0) transformNode.inputs["Scale"].default_value = (3, 2, 1) outNode = node_group.nodes.new("NodeGroupOutput") outNode.location = (600, 0) # Define geometry input/output sockets node_group.interface.new_socket(name="Geometry", in_out="INPUT", socket_type="NodeSocketGeometry") node_group.interface.new_socket(name="Geometry", in_out="OUTPUT", socket_type="NodeSocketGeometry") # Link the nodes together node_group.links.new(inNode.outputs["Geometry"], transformNode.inputs["Geometry"]) node_group.links.new(transformNode.outputs["Geometry"], outNode.inputs["Geometry"]) render_result()

Save File¶

You can any time also save your Blender file like this:

In [30]:

bpy.ops.wm.save_as_mainfile(filepath="scene.blend")

bpy.ops.wm.save_as_mainfile(filepath="scene.blend")

Info: Total files 1 | Changed 1 | Failed 0
Info: Saved "scene.blend"

Out[30]:

{'FINISHED'}

Load file¶

In [31]:

fresh_scene()
bpy.ops.wm.open_mainfile(filepath="donut.blend")

fresh_scene() bpy.ops.wm.open_mainfile(filepath="donut.blend")

Out[31]:

{'FINISHED'}

Choose render engine¶

In [32]:

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = "BLENDER_WORKBENCH"
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 500
bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 200

render_result()

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = "BLENDER_WORKBENCH" bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_x = 500 bpy.context.scene.render.resolution_y = 200 render_result()

In [33]:

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = "BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT"
render_result()

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = "BLENDER_EEVEE_NEXT" render_result()

In [34]:

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = "CYCLES"
bpy.context.scene.cycles.samples = 10
render_result()

bpy.context.scene.render.engine = "CYCLES" bpy.context.scene.cycles.samples = 10 render_result()

In [35]:

# optional: suppress text output (I did not find a better way yet)
import sys 
import os

sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w')
sys.stderr = open(os.devnull, 'w')

# optional: suppress text output (I did not find a better way yet) import sys import os sys.stdout = open(os.devnull, 'w') sys.stderr = open(os.devnull, 'w')

Manipulate geometry nodes¶

In [36]:

bpy.data.objects['ICINGLong'].modifiers["GeometryNodes"]["Socket_3"] = 0.1
bpy.context.object.data.update()
render_result()

bpy.data.objects['ICINGLong'].modifiers["GeometryNodes"]["Socket_3"] = 0.1 bpy.context.object.data.update() render_result()

In [37]:

bpy.data.objects['ICINGLong'].modifiers["GeometryNodes"]["Socket_3"] = 2
bpy.context.object.data.update()
render_result()

bpy.data.objects['ICINGLong'].modifiers["GeometryNodes"]["Socket_3"] = 2 bpy.context.object.data.update() render_result()

In [38]:

bpy.data.objects['ICINGLong'].modifiers["GeometryNodes"]["Socket_3"] = 10
bpy.context.object.data.update()
render_result()

bpy.data.objects['ICINGLong'].modifiers["GeometryNodes"]["Socket_3"] = 10 bpy.context.object.data.update() render_result()

Manipulating shaders¶

In [39]:

bpy.data.materials["Material.001"].node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"].inputs[0].default_value = (0, 0.1, 0, 1)
render_result()

bpy.data.materials["Material.001"].node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"].inputs[0].default_value = (0, 0.1, 0, 1) render_result()

In [40]:

bpy.data.materials["Material.001"].node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"].inputs[0].default_value = (0, 0, 0.1, 1)
render_result()

bpy.data.materials["Material.001"].node_tree.nodes["Principled BSDF"].inputs[0].default_value = (0, 0, 0.1, 1) render_result()